![]() ![]() The function indicated for each item is correct in the original context, but may have a related or another function in another context.īy clicking on the button next a following item appears, by clicking on previous the previous item appears.Ģ) In the second type of exercise the user learns to distinguish between different types of pitch accent. The items for the exercises are presented in isolation from their context. Note that for some items more than one function may be possible. The button key presents the correct answer immediately.įinally, the button function gives the communicative function of the given item. The symbol of the pitch accent will be removed, the black dots return and the user can try again. If the answer is not correct, the user can undo the answer by clicking on No symbol in the table. The correctness of the answer can be checked by clicking on the button check. Then, by clicking on the symbol for the given pitch accent, it is linked to the word in the item and replaces the black dots. By clicking on the black dots above the chosen word, symbols of types of pitch accent appear in the table below the item. Listening and looking cannot be done simultaneously, the contour window must be closed before listening again.Īfter listening and looking users decide in which word of the item a pitch accent is realized. By clicking on the button contour the corresponding pitch contour appears. The sound of the item is activated by clicking on the soundplayer. Words in the item in which a pitch accent may occur are indicated with black dots words in the item in which a pitch accent cannot occur are indicated with white dots. The task for users is to find out in which words of an item pitch accents are realized. If the user is making many errors, it is advised to consult the descriptions and examples of the relevant pitch accents again.ġ) The first type of exercise helps the user to recognize in which words pitch accents are realized. The user is advised to do the exercises repeatedly by listening to the items and looking at the contours. The items in the exercises come with the text in Cyrillic, in Library of Congress transliteration, and in a more or less free English translation trying to follow closely the Russian word order. exercises training to distinguish between pitch accentsĮach exercise contains ten items.exercises training to recognize pitch accents and.For some computers the button play on the soundplayer must be clicked twice before the sound is activated. Note that it may take a few seconds before a pitch accent with examples or an exercise appears on screen. Rules for the realization of pitch accents in terms of phonetic correlates in average values can be found under the button Realization rules.Īn explanation of 38 terms on intonation used throughout the website can be found under the button Glossary. The user is strongly advised to study Symbols before starting. For readers not familiar with Russian, pitch accented words in the translation are indicated in italics.Ī detailed explanation of the symbols indicating a type of pitch accent can be found under the button Symbols on the horizontal bar. The examples come with the text in Cyrillic, in Library of Congress transliteration, and in a more or less free English translation, trying to keep close to the Russian word order. Utterance starting with the word kotoraia appears on the first line again Pitch accented word babushka till potom, and the end of the Utterance starts on the first line and continues on the second line with the Till the end of the utterance stretched out over many syllables. One pitch accent L*H after which the high-pitched post-tonic part is sustained In the picture below, for example, there is only Two lines in such a way that pitch accented vowels are still aligned with the If the text does not fit in alignment with the contour, the text is presented on Vowel are always vertically aligned the free English translation is notĪligned. In all examples an asterisk on the contour, in the symbol and the pitch accented In this picture, two * can be found on the pitch contour: above symbol H*L of the pitch accented vowel ‑a- in the word zanaves ‘curtain’, and above symbol HL* of the pitch accented vowel -i- in the word shirmu ‘screen’. The pitch contours of the examples, the positions of pitch accented syllablesĪre marked with *, vertically aligned with * in the symbol for the pitch accentĪnd the accented vowel in the text. Then each pitchĪccent is demonstrated in audiovisual examples, if necessary with comments. Stylized contour, followed by the main communicative functions. First a description of the form is presented with a This section the six main pitch accents are described with their forms andĬommunicative functions. Before starting users are strongly advised to study Symbols under the button Symbols on the horizontal bar. ![]()
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